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從本文開始逐個詳細講解各個狀語從句的用法,首先來學習一下時間狀語從句。

學習時間到啦!
一、時間狀語從句的定義
在複合句中,作時間狀語的從句稱為時間狀語從句,可置于句首、句中或句末。例如:
- When I came in, he was reading.當我進來時,他正在讀書。(置于句首)
- He was reading when I came in.當我進來時,他正在讀書。(置于句末)

Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者事竟成。
二、時間狀語從句的引導詞
能夠引導時間狀語從句的引導詞主要分為兩類:常用引導詞和特殊引導詞。
1、常用引導詞
when(當......時)、while(當......時)、as(當......時)、 before(在......以前)、after(在......以後)、since(自......以來)、till/untill(到......為止)、as soon as(一......就......)、by the time(到......時)等;
2、特殊引導詞
the moment(一......就......)、the instant(一......就......)、the minute(一......就......)、the day(那天)、next time(下次)、every time(每次)、instantly(一......就......)、immediately(一......就......)、directly(一......就......)、no sooner...than...(一......就......)、hardly/scarcely...when...(一......就......)等;

Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者事竟成。
三、時間狀語從句引導詞的用法
(一)常用引導詞的用法
1、when:表示在某一特定的時間點(段),主句的動作和從句的動作同時發生或先後發生。when 引導的時間狀語從句的謂語動詞既可以是非延續性動詞,也可以是延續性動詞。例如:
- They were playing soccer on the playground when the storm came. 當暴風雨來的時候,他們正在操場上踢足球。(從句謂語為非延續性動詞)
- Simon was happy when he read the book.西蒙讀這本書時很高興。(從句謂語為延續性動詞)
2、while:表示主句的動作和從句的動作同時發生或主句的動作發生在從句的動作過程中。while引導的時間狀語從句的謂語動詞須是延續性動詞。例如:
- She turned on the radio while l was driving.我開車時,她打開了收音機。(從句謂語為延續性動詞)
3、as:表示主句的動作和從句的動作同時或幾乎同時發生,或主句的動作與從句的動作伴随進行。as 引導的時間狀語從句的謂語動詞多用表示動作或狀态變化的動詞。例如:
- As he explored the town, he took a lot of pictures.他一邊考察這個小鎮,一邊拍了很多照片。
4、before:表示主句的動作發生在從句的動作之前。例如:
- Before the sun came out, the sky was very dark.太陽出來之前,天很黑。
5、after:表示主句的動作發生在從句的動作之後。例如:
- After they got married, they moved to the countryside.他們結婚後就搬到農村去了。
6、since:引導時間狀語從句時,主句常用現在完成時(有時也可用一般現在時),從句常用一般過去時。例如:
- She has taught us since I came to this school.自從我來到這所學校後,她就一直教我們。
- It is one year since he left his home.他已經離開家一年了。
7、till/ until:引導時間狀語從句時,若主句為肯定句,主句的謂語動詞須是延續性動詞,表示主句的動作持續到從句表示的時間點結束;若主句為否定句,常用于“not...until”結構中,表示“直到......才......”,主句的謂語動詞須是非延續性動詞,表示主句的動作自從句表示的時間點才開始。例如:
- Walk straight on until you see a white building.一直走,直到你看到一座白色的建築物。(主句為肯定句,主句謂語為延續性動詞)
- Don't come in until you are called.直到有人叫你,你再進來。(主句為否定句,主句謂語為非延續性動詞)
- Keep trying till you catch up.繼續努力,直到你趕上為止。(主句為肯定句,主句謂語為延續性動詞)
8、as soon as:表示主句動作緊随從句動作而發生。例如:
- As soon as he arrived in France, he called me.他一到法國就給我打電話了。
9、by the time:表示到某一時間點為止,主句的動作已經完成,主句一般用完成時态。例如:
- By the time l got back to school, the bell had rung.當我回到學校時,鈴已經響了。

Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者事竟成。
(二)特殊引導詞的用法
1、名詞短語引導詞的用法
every time, each time, next time, the last time, the first time, any time 等名詞短語也可用來引導時間狀語從句,表示“每當”“每次”“下次”等。注意:這些短語表示“每次”等之意,引導狀語從句時,這些詞前不加介詞,其後也不加when 等。例如:
- Every time I see him, he is working hard. 每次我見到他,他都在拼命工作。
- The first time I saw him, he was a school teacher.我第一次見他時,他是一名學校的老師。
2、表示“一......就......”的引導詞的用法
(1)as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant等引導的時間狀語從句。例如:
- I'll give you an answer immediately I've finished reading your file.我一看完你的檔案就給你答複。
- The moment I saw it, I fell in love with it. 我一看到它就愛上它了。
(2)“no sooner...than...”、“hardly/scarcely...when...”引導的時間狀語從句。此時,主句用過去完成時,從句用一般過去時。此外,當把no sooner, hardly/scarcely 提到句首時,主句用部分倒裝。例如:
- No sooner had he reached home than it began to rain. =He had no sooner reached home than it began to rain.他一到家天就開始下雨。
- Hardly had I told him the news when he stopped listening. =I had hardly told him the news when he stopped listening. 我一告訴他那則消息他就不聽了。

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